Lfs udp data packet vb6 jobs
I'm in the early stage of designing food product packets and I need a talented product designer to bring my vision to life. Key Requirements: - Design expertise in the food packaging industry. - Experience designing consumer goods. - Proficiency in conceptualization. I have already selected the materials for the project, so your primary focus will be on the conceptualization of the design. It would be a bonus if you have experience in the food industry and could provide insights on the design based on current trends. Looking forward to working with a professional who can deliver creative, appealing, and functional designs.
...real-time video streaming and data transfer from Raspberry Pi 5 to a PC over a static network configuration. The project involves an underwater camera and sensor data. Tasks include: Supply Python client and server scripts on a PC and rpi5+camera over a static IP network connection. Using the picamera2 module to stream video to PC. The video is recorded on the PC (time stamp for file name), with text overlay on the video showing PC date and time. UDP for simple 2way communications of small 'hello world' type text strings between the RPI5 and PC. Happy to control everything from the python script on the PC at present with a simple window for viewing the video. No GUI required at present. You should have a deep understanding of Python, experience with vi...
I'm in need of a skilled Nginx expert to help me configure a server for my application. Some key details about the project are as follows: - I'm looking to implement Load Balancing and SSL termination for my TCP traffic. - On the UDP side, I would like to have the server configured for Streaming Media and DNS Resolving. In addition, the Nginx should be set up on a Linux-based operating system. Ideal skills for this project include: - Proficiency in Nginx configuration and management - Strong understanding of TCP and UDP protocols - Experience with Load Balancing, SSL, Streaming Media and DNS - Linux server administration I'm open to suggestions for the best approach in setting up these features, so good communication and problem-solving skills are a...
...to assist with our ongoing project. The current project, available on GitHub (), is encountering issues related to its integration with Vector Packet Processing (VPP). Your primary responsibilities will involve identifying and resolving these bugs to ensure the project works seamlessly with VPP. Key responsibilities: - Identify and rectify integration bugs between the current project and Vector Packet Processing - Ensure the project runs without any issues Successful freelancers should have: - Proven experience with C, C++, and the BoostASIO library - A strong understanding of Vector Packet Processing and how it interacts with C++ projects - A track record of working on similar integration problems in the past Please include examples of your past work when applyi...
I am in need of a Packet Tracer expert to architect a small project that includes a firewall, DMZ, and DHCP server. Desired Firewall Abilities: - It must have intrusion detection capabilities. - VPN support is also essential. Firewall Connectivity: - The solution will be tailored for less than 10 devices. DMZ Serving Capabilities: - A web server will be hosted within the DMZ. Ideal Candidate: - Skilled in network design using Packet Tracer. - Knowledgeable about firewalls, specifically features like intrusion detection and VPN support. - Experience in setup and maintenance of DMZ hosting web servers.
I am currently in need of a freelancer proficient in Omnet++ VEINS network simulator. The backbone of the project is Artificial Intelligence (AI), with a specific interest in: - Network Protocols Simulation - IoT Devices Interconnection - Performance Analysis I am also in need of simulation for specific network protocols: - TCP/IP - UDP Whilst applicants should be experienced in network simulators, a strong background in Omnet++ and AI is a must. It is paramount that the freelancer can effectively integrate AI into the simulation, and that they are capable of interconnecting IoT devices. Studies or experience in computer networking would be advantageous.
I'm seeking a skilled network/data packet expert to assist with a project related to Helldivers 2 - a PC game. The main goal is to analyze, replay, and edit network packets. Key Responsibilities: - Analyzing: You should be able to understand the network packets created by the game and interpret their contents. - Replaying: There is a need to simulate the packet's data in order to replay them. - Editing: The ability to make changes to the packet data in a way that can be replayed in the game is crucial. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proficiency in network packet analysis and manipulation - Experience in dissecting and understanding network traffic - Capability to simulate and replay packets - Familiarity with multiplayer game mechanics...
We want to redesign a sanitary napkin packet of our brand "Abolee", an Indian name (English translation: Crossandra flower) to be sold on ecommerce sites aiming to appeal to Indian women of all ages. Ideally, it will feature a soft, minimalist yet vibrant style that stands out. There is no restriction on colors to be used but it should look classy maintaining an energetic yet soft aesthetic. We have the registered brand logo with us. You may participate in the contest if you have - A knack for creating professional, eye-catching designs. - Experience in product packaging design, preferably in the same or related industry. - Proficiency in color theory, specifically with harmonious use of colors as per the product. - An understanding of the market, including the pref...
...1. from the textbook. - Please look at section 1.4, i.e. Delay, Loss and Throughput in Packet Switched Networks >> Application Layer, Chapter 2 from the text book. - Please look at the applications and note whether they are client-server based or peer-to-peer - Note which kind of transport layer are they using. You don't need to memorize message formats etc. No programming questions will be given on the exam. >> Transport Layer - Chapter 3 from the textbook: - Please look at basic functionality of UDP and TCP, - shown in fields of their headers, basic segment structure and connection establishment. Which one is fair, which one has congestion control? >>Network layer: Data plane: Chapter 4 - Overview of the net...
I need an effective solution to manage and balance DNS traffic over UDP and TCP on my Linux server. The solution needs a graphic user interface for easy management and real-time monitoring. This project suits professionals with experience managing backend servers, programming Linux interfaces, as well as knowledge of TCP/UDP DNS traffic load balancing on Linux Servers. PROJECT IS MARKED URGENT
I am looking for an experienced programmer who can update the reports in our program from VB6 to VB.NET. The reports are in Crystal Reports. The database is in Microsoft Access. Key Project Requirements: - Redesign the layout and formatting of the reports - Add new features or functionalities to the reports - Optimize the performance of the reports Communication: - I prefer communication through Email. Please, share your past work for review. Your ability to work on this project will primarily be determined by your previous experience in similar projects.
I am urgently in need of assistance for my packet tracer assignment. Specifically, my challenges are centered around the VLAN setup and routing protocols. Key Responsibilities: - Building VLAN configurations. This requires a good understanding of VLAN concepts, the ability to identify and resolve VLAN issues, and the ability to configure VLANs on network devices effectively. - Implementing routing protocols. This requires knowledge of different routing protocols, how they work, and how to apply them properly in a network setting. Skill Requirements: - Strong familiarity with packet tracer - Expert knowledge in VLAN configuration and routing protocols - Excellent problem-solving skills - Ability to work under tight deadlines Please note that while it's not necessary...
What is the IP address and TCP port number used by the client computer (source) that is transferring the file to To answer this question, it’s probably easiest to select an HTTP message and explore the details of the TCP packet used to carry this HTTP message, using the “details of the selected packet header window”.
For this project, I need a system that will enable me to auto-fill PDF contract forms quickly, efficiently and accurately. The auto-fill functionality should concern the following information: We would need these forms to be completed by outside carriers and then emailed back for uploading to our system as a pdf file. Carrier set up packet This solution should be particularly tailored for contract forms and designed to work optimally with PDF file formats. The ideal candidate for this project should have solid experience in scripting and form automation, and have prior knowledge of working with PDF files. Expertise in JavaScript or any related language that can achieve this functionality would be a significant advantage.
I need a com...comprehensive PowerPoint presentation comparing various types of Internet-based end-to-end protocols. Your job will be to research and compile the most relevant information about each protocol. Highlight the unique characteristics and use-cases of each, and facilitate understanding through clear and engaging slides. Key responsibilities will include: - Comprehensive research on Internet-based UDP,TCP and RPCend-to-end protocols - Bringing forward key differences and similarities among them - Creating visually appealing and informative slides Ideal skills and experience: - Strong in Internet protocols and networking - Experience in creating professional PowerPoint presentations - Excellent research skills - Ability to present complex information in an easy-to-unde...
Study the scenario NOTE: You will use this scenario to answer the rest of the project. You are supposed to use Cisco Packet Tracer in this project. Belmand College Belmand College is a registered private higher education institution in South Africa. It specializes in training IT Diplomas and Professional Courses with its Campus located in Midrand, Midrand Campus has 3 buildings which houses the different departments, lecture rooms and labs. Building A houses the IT Department, Library and Main Administration, the other buildings B and C houses lecture rooms and labs. The college has a total enrollment of about 2000 students. They have over 100 employees which includes admin employees, full-time lecturers and part time lecturers are hired every semester. They are currently u...
I need a topology as described: 1. Place the IP ranges for each of the segments. 2. Mark the interface colors as GREEN, RED, ORANGE, and BLUE. 3. Place the corresponding IP next to each device to be configured. 4. Configure the IPs on each of the devices according to their network segment. 5. Perform the configuration on each IP router that corresponds to it. 6. All devices, according to their configuration, should be able to see each other. 7. PC0, PC1, and Tablet must be able to see the external web server using the domain name "". 8. PC0, PC1, and Tablet must be able to see the internal web server using the domain name "". It needs to be done within in 1 hour
I'm seeking a proficient developer to create an advanced C# streaming app that will analysis real-time packet of web video streams. The Project Scope: - Implemented a cancel function button so that money does not decrease when the game is canceled. The update items are as follows. 1. Cancel game button 2. Run streaming game in browser The Key purpose: - Cancel betting events through cancellation events at specific times
I'm looking for a skilled professional to assist with an embedded software project that involves working with microcontrollers. Requirements: RTU shall be connected to following ETHERNET TCP IP/ MODBUS TCP IP/ SERIAL/ DNP3.0 SERIAL/ DNP 3.0 IP, etc. The ports Profibus and Profinet used protocol converter RTU con...ports Profibus and Profinet used protocol converter RTU connections GPRS link over DNP3 /Mod Bus TCP/IP /GSM GPRS servers. The RTU having functionalities analog input, analog output, digital input, digital output. RTU communication protocol: DNP3 level 4 & MQTT Both RTU Serial Comm Protocol: DNP3 level 4 Master/slave and peer-to-peer, Slave, Modbus Master/Slave DNP3 level 4 in TCP Master/Slave, UDP Master/Slave and peer-to-peer, Modbus TCP Server/Client, Modbus...
We need to create system to manage vouchers with traffic limits (for example 1Gb for 30 days), we will connect a Fortigate (or in some cases Mikrotik) router that will be acting like a NAS through classic udp ports 1812-1813. Router has a special vlans for users that has to be authenticated, and router shows his hotspot html page to user when he connects to the network. We need to create simple and lightweight pag for authentification with voucher and login/password pair. So user must use his code to login (or login/password for regular users). Router will authorize user using this server we need to create. Server must track user's traffic consumption and disconnect him when the amount of traffic will be consumed. Also we need an option to reset amount of traffic consumed daily...
We are seeking an experienced freelancer to assist in migrating an existing codebase from QT to a different cross-platform framework. The ideal candidate should also possess knowledge of UDP, RTSP, and other relevant protocols. The project involves porting an application to ensure compatibility with Linux, Android, and Windows platforms. current codebase: Requirements: Proficiency in C++ and experience with QT framework. Expertise in cross-platform development frameworks suitable for Linux, Android, and Windows. Strong understanding of UDP, RTSP, and other communication protocols. Ability to efficiently migrate existing codebase while ensuring compatibility and functionality across target platforms. Experience with multimedia applications
Hello Shofiur, the project is about building a security inventory of my servers and VMs. I'll provide around 500 IPs and their tcp and udp ports should be scanned (range 1-65535) you should delivery a csv file with 1 port for each line and format: ip address,proto,port,service,version (if you have more information, even better) Thank you.
I require an efficient Python developer to create a script for a GT06N Protocol Tracker. The script must include construct a reply packet to the tracker after it sends the login packet to the server. I am in need of this project completion ASAP. Ideal Skills: - Proficient in Python - Experience with GT06N protocol - Understanding of real-time tracking Experience: - Prior experience in creating scripts for tracking software - Coding with a focus on speed and efficiency.
Hey, we seek someone who can build the first version of a custom blockchain based on Cosmos SDK or Solana. We seek someone for a long partnership, there will be followup jobs. Here are the whole requirements: -Build a custom blockchain using Cosmos SDK or Solana -Block explorer website...and trigger everything from there. Coins/ cryptocurrency: - Coins will be divisible to accommodate splitting, have adjustable fees to incentivize transactions, and a capped max amount to maintain scarcity. Therefore, rewards will decrease periodically after a certain step/ amount of coins were generated. Nodes: - Periodic broadcast for node discovery - Custom messaging protocol f.e. TCP/IP or UDP - Rewards for validating transactions and providing computational resources - Penalties for maliciou...
...and server-side aspects of a Metin2 server to join our team. Responsibilities: Edit and modify Metin2 server files Fix bugs and errors Implement new features and content Optimize server performance Requirements: Technical Skills: Programming Languages: C++, Lua Game Development Frameworks: Metin2 engine, Ogre3D 3D Modeling & Animation: Blender, Maya (familiarity preferred) Networking: TCP/IP, UDP Databases: MySQL (knowledge preferred) Server Administration: Experience with Linux administration (e.g., Ubuntu, CentOS) and tools like Putty and WinSCP (Windows for server access) Soft Skills: Excellent problem-solving skills Ability to work independently and as part of a team Strong communication skills Attention to detail Benefits: Competitive salary Opportunity to work on a ...
I'm looking for a C+...available ports in a drop-down box. Opening/closing a COM port. Allocation/freeing of memory. Displaying graphics (.gif, ,jpg, .png, etc.) in a picture box or similar. Mouse position/button polling. File requestor and loading/saving routines. Line, circle, and other primitive graphics routines for drawing on a window. I am not in a hurry, and I know this is a simple project. I have done all of this in VB6/.NET but I have no experience with VSCode and Windows C++ programming (yet), so I need some help to generate replacements for current projects. If you show the ability to provide this skeleton code then perhaps we can discuss complete conversions from existing projects to Windows desktop apps. Notice: AI responses will result in you being blocked pe...
I am in need of a knowledgeable freelancer to build a UDP/TCP computer network in Unity3D that enables efficient real-time communication of the main with with multiple sub-PCs. project setup: 1 main PC connected to mutliple sub PC (all PCs running on Windows). the number of sub PC will be between 1 to 12. project requirements: 1. Data Sender - Make a "data sender" Unity3D program/project that can send UDP data from main PC to 1 sub PC or to all sub PC running a "data receiver" Unity3D program. the number of sub PC will be between 1 to 12. 2. Data Reciever - Make a "receiver" Unity3D program that can receive from the Data Sender. The receiver will infinitely wait for data until it is shutdown....
I'm searching for a talented graphic designer to create a sticker to go onto packaging. The packaging is clear plastic and contains fresh produce items such as chilli's, edible flowers and herbs. The sticker must be 40mm diameter and a round circle shape. We want the sticker to be bold but not in a way that detracts from the produce inside the packet as the produce is colourful and is the star attraction. The information on the label must be: Gully Farm In-Conversion Cert No. 21079 AS6000 12 Patanga Ct, Karana Downs, QLD, Australia 10g Must also include the SXC logo on the sticker (provided in the example file) PLEASE NOTE, WE DONT WANT THE SAME DESIGN AS THE FILE PROVIDED IT IS AN EXAMPLE ONLY AND FOR THE SXC LOGO. Thanks everyone!
Hi everyone, I will need a computer network analyst (idially with cisco certification) with experience in packet tracer software, to do a simple network, calculate jitter (with tools povided), do some graphs in excel, calculate some delays etc. Analytical specific requirements in chat Deadline: 4/4 Budget: $60 USD
I need a system capable of streaming live TV channels through UDP multicast for QAM. The eventual goal is to transfers to Set Top Boxes (STBs). The model developed will have features such as: • Capable of streaming media files, particularly, live TV channels, via multicast UDP to STBs. • Have means to ensure media delivery is immediate and accurate. • Provision for testing whether the STBs can receive and properly display the transmitted media. Ideal skills required: • Expertise in UDP multicast. • Proficiency in QAM. • Knowledge of media streaming technology is also essential. • Experience in Set Top Boxes (STBs) functionality and working principles.
More details: What type of packaging material would you like to use for the packet box design? Cardboard What is the intended use of the packet box? Retail product packaging What should be the size of the packet box? Medium (8 to 16 inches)
I'm seeking a talented and creative designer to craft a compelling and unique design for ice cream packet and ice cream cups with 95ml and brownies pouch . The theme should be targeted towards a health-conscious audience, showcasing a natural and wholesome vibe. Key responsibilities and considerations include: - Developing a vibrant, appealing design that reinforces the concept of being 'Healthy No add Sugar' i will share some samples and also designs we made it before i need your creativity to to merge all in design or making. - Incorporating all necessary product information, nutritional details, and branding into the design without overcrowding. - Understanding trends in the snack market, especially around healthy products, to create competitive packaging. - i wil...
We are looking for 4 developers: Developer 1: there are 2 qualifications for developer 1 --knows how to code in C# for Unity3D (Unity3D, OpenCV, websockets, XR/AR/VR) + knows how to make camera motion detection in python using OpenCV framework Developer 2: --knowledgeable in Computer Networks for UDP/TCP connections. Developer 3: --knows camera detection directly in Unity3D. Developer 4: --someone who has done something like this: I'm seeking a proficient game developer well-versed in creating interactive games specifically for the Windows platform. Understanding the blend of creativity, technical knowledge, and interactivity is essential to meet the project's requirements effectively. Key qualifications: - Strong expertise in Windows game
...seeking an experienced developer to configure data exchange between a Jetson Nano and another device via the CAN bus, utilizing the RS485 CAN HAT. Documentation and examples for the RS485 CAN HAT for the Jetson Nano are available here: Project Requirements: Data packets to be transmitted are split into frames of 8 bytes each, with the first 7 bytes of the frame encoded in ASCII. The last byte is an integer frame counter that does not convert to ASCII. A checksum is generated from the packet data and appended at the end of the packet using the following function: c Copy code uint16_t crc_chk_value(uint8_t *data, uint16_t size) { uint16_t crc = 0; while (size--) { crc ^= *data++; for (unsigned k =...
I'm seeking an experienced Python programmer to develop a script capable of connecting to multiple firew...firewall types and storing their responses into a database. Your task will involve: - Creating a Python script to connect to Cisco ASA, Palo Alto Networks, and juniper firewalls. - Ensuring the script uses provided credentials for firewall access. - Programming the script to store specific responses from the firewalls in a database. These responses include: System alerts, Configuration changes, Packet Tracer, TCP dump, permit access list, deny access list, and "show config" responses. The ideal candidate will have experience with handling various firewall responses and knowledge of Python scripting for network automation. Familiarity with the specific liste...
...because then I will get problems, same functionality. As I wrote, I have 2 servers that I use, I sent you data. All the information is there: movies / series / NETFLIX / DISNEY / live channels from all of them ... and many more The goal is to connect all this to WEBTV Create a convenient and user-friendly interface Compatible with language / recommended / folders or categories All the movies come with an English translation, take the translation and translate it into the user's language...including the entire GUI and the movie synopsis...CAST... It's all user experience Now for functionality: 1. Flow of 60-70% of the processor during a movie, without freezing or buffering, that is, smart packet transfer. 2. Encoding for maximum resolution, sharp viewing (viewi...
...over trouble free. Part time ~ 3 days per week. Office hours 8:30-4:30 References required Summary & Additional Opportunities: This bookkeeping position is responsible for monthly reconciling of all accounts, rent posting, accounts payable, accounts receivable, invoicing between the company Quickbooks account and AppFolio, Tenant ledger postings, owner ledger postings, monthly payouts and owner packet statement postings, move in and out Flows, tenant final accounting, commission payout and all other functions of tenant / owner and vendor accounts within AppFolio. Quickbooks reconciling and postings for the company account, etc. End of year reporting and 1099 preparation. We do not use Journal Entries ever. Current books are immaculate. Step in easy and ready to go. No clea...
Per country analysis of Distributed Denial of Service attacks We have been collecting data on UDP reflection based Distributed Denial of Service attacks since 2014. There are significant differences in attack patterns between countries (time of day, day of week, target of attack) and in response to global interventions targeting DDoS. This project would involve drilling down in to the per-country data to understand what is going on and why.
I need a system capable of streaming live TV channels through UDP multicast for QAM. The eventual goal is to transfers to Set Top Boxes (STBs). The model developed will have features such as: • Capable of streaming media files, particularly, live TV channels, via multicast UDP to STBs. • Have means to ensure media delivery is immediate and accurate. • Provision for testing whether the STBs can receive and properly display the transmitted media. Ideal skills required: • Expertise in UDP multicast. • Proficiency in QAM. • Knowledge of media streaming technology is also essential. • Experience in Set Top Boxes (STBs) functionality and working principles.
I'm hoping to find a talented graphics designer well-versed in traditional aesthetics for a small (125g) tea packet design project. The design should resonate with the authenticity of traditional tea culture. Key design requirements: - Incorporating our unique logo into the design - Including an ingredient list - Providing clear brewing instructions Ideal Skills and Experience: - Experience in traditional graphics design - Understanding of tea culture and packaging - Skilled in blending modern aspects with the traditional theme while maintaining the integrity of the overall design - Track record of creating print-ready designs
I have an older working Visual Basic 6.0 program that needs a very small modification. The working program takes data from the serial port and displays the data to the text box. The change I need done is when a Carriage Return is received (VBCR), the cursor in the text box must return to the beginning of the current line, not the next line as with VBCRLF. The next data to be displayed in the text box will begin at the new cursor location (the start of the current line). I would like to hire a coder with experience in VB6 so I do not have to continually test the program numerous times. I do not have a great deal of time to spend on this. I would prefer to get this done asap. I can send you test files, source code and a video of how the program should work upon ...
...few clients over a Wi-Fi local network, typically say 2 clients. There is no need to confirm the messages in either way. Consequently it seems that UDP is the right protocol to be used (to be confirmed by the contractor). 2. The server should also support its part of a detection mechanism that should allow the clients to automatically detect the address IP of the server (on the same router), like UPnP or even better a custom method, possibly simple but reliable. 3. All the clients that have sent a message to the server should be registered in a simple IP list. Then every message from one client should be automatically re-sent over Wi-Fi/UDP to all registered IP-s. 4. Additionally the component should implement low-level basic RX and TX interfacing over one UART and one...
I'm urgently in need of a network protocol expert. You'll be proficient in calculations regarding TCP CUBIC, TCP Vegas, HTTP, DNS, UDP, TCP, and ICMP. Key Responsibilities: - Expertise in Numerical Analysis and Calculations related to their performance and functionality - In-depth understanding of these protocols' operations - Performance analysis of the mentioned network protocol. - Develop and implement optimization strategies. - Troubleshooting issues relating to network protocols. - Handle any other related tasks as they arise. If you're up-to-the-minute on these network protocols and are adept in performing the tasks specified, urgently connect with me. The sooner we can get started on this, the better.
I'm seeking an advanced Python developer for the creation of a robust Man-in-the-Middle (MITM) application firewall. Your deep understanding of TCP sockets, TLS, and packet inspection would be applied to deliver high-quality code, which is my top priority for this project. Key Responsibilities: - Developing a MITM application firewall in Python - Ensuring quality code - Efficiently managing network traffic through the firewall Ideal Skills and Experience: - Profound understanding of Python (Advanced level) - Expertise in TCP sockets and TLS - Skilled in packet inspection The main objective is to develop a dependable firewall that can effectively manage network traffic. Your advanced level expertise will be instrumental in the successful execution of this project. I...
...socket programming to assist in testing a distributed emulation tool. The primary task is to create a proxy that will intercept and modify the data of packets. The particular aspect you'll modify is the payload content. Key responsibilities would include: - Understanding the existing distributed tool to enhance network performance - Creating a well-functioning proxy - Interception and modification of packet data, specifically the payload content to test the tool Ideal candidates should have: - Proficiency in C programming, particularly in dealing with network-based coding - Previous experience in socket programming - An understanding of packet structures and how to modify them effectively - A keen eye for detail and rigorous testing skills to ensur...
As an inventor of a new cutting-edge sleep aid product, I require a highly skilled and creative 3D designer to create a realistic...manufacturing and should, therefore, be intricate and precise. If you have any experience in designing for manufacturing or designing similar products, I would particularly love to hear from you. Together, we can create a product that will revolutionize sleep aid and improve the sleep experience for countless individuals. Aromatherapy feature should be on nose side like design like it comes with pouch or packet to insert the sachet packets to get the aromatherapy closer to the nose Cooling feature like we have to add cooling pad or any other things which makes the eye side cooling on the mask so it covers the eye area or the forehead which based on t...
I need a system capable of streaming live TV channels through UDP multicast for QAM. The eventual goal is to transfers to Set Top Boxes (STBs). The model developed will have features such as: • Capable of streaming media files, particularly, live TV channels, via multicast UDP to STBs. • Have means to ensure media delivery is immediate and accurate. • Provision for testing whether the STBs can receive and properly display the transmitted media. Ideal skills required: • Expertise in UDP multicast. • Proficiency in QAM. • Knowledge of media streaming technology is also essential. • Experience in Set Top Boxes (STBs) functionality and working principles.
